2012年4月15日 星期日

期刊報告 2012-04-丁玉芬

End-Tidal Carbon Dioxide Concentration Can Estimate the Appropriate Timing for Weaning Off From Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Refractory Circulatory Failure
呼氣末二氧化碳濃度可以估算惡性循環衰竭病患脫離葉克膜適當時機
Naruke T., Inomata T., Imai H., Yanagisawa T., Maekawa E., Mizutani T., Osaka T., Shinagawa H., Koitabashi T., Nishii M., TakeuchiI.,Takehana H., Aoyama N., Izumi T.

Int Heart J 2010; 51: 116-120

報告者:丁玉芬
指導者:鄭瑞駿
報告日期:2012.04.11
研究背景:
    雖然ECMO廣泛用於暫時性的循環支持,但是沒有任何直接的數據報告利用心臟恢復的情形來決定ECMO脫離的時機。
研究方法:
    本研究收集1996-2008年因心血管疾病使用葉克膜的病患,在37位病患中我們排除其中心因性休克併肺栓塞的病人(N = 3),心臟手術後心臟功能不佳短暫使用的病人(N=3),和死亡的病人(N =3)或在36小時內即脫離ECMO的病人(N = 3)。其餘25例患者根據其結果分為2組:脫離組(W, n= 18)和無法脫離ECMO而死亡的對照組(NW, n=7)。研究個案ECMOVA mode,適應症為:(1)心衰竭病患:不管是使用catecholaminesIABP,其SBP<80mmHgPCWP>20mmHgC.I.<2.0 L/min/m2(2) 使用抗心律不整藥物仍然心室心律過速無法維持血液動力學但病患無嚴重的神經功能缺損。病患皆使用麻醉(propofol / midazolam)和肌肉鬆弛劑vecuronium bromide。呼吸器(NEWPORT e500,或 7200系列),設定為CMV modeECMO 流量的初始設定為50-70ml/kg/min3-3.5L/min,以維持全身血流量和氧氣供應。由資深心臟科醫師依據研究方法及脫離準則視心臟功能的改善情形朝脫離的目標逐漸減少。當flow降至1.0時沒血液動力學惡化,即可停止使用ECMOIABP也可進而脫離。
    血液動力學監測參數包括HRSBPPAPPCWPCVPC.I.SvO2ETCO2capnometer放在呼吸器吐氣端main stream測量。每12-24小時監測血液和ECG
研究結果:
    此研究發現ECMO脫離與病人特色和呼吸器參數無相關性。而發現脫離組的病人當使用的FLOW下降至40%時此點可以當作恢復的時間點(C-Point),與肺動脈收縮壓、心臟指數(cardiac index)C-反應蛋白、乳酸、BE值和ETCO2有顯著差異。而無法脫離組ECMO Flow不會下降至40%以下
    12小時觀察此六項參數發現脫離組的ETCO2會有個急劇變化的轉折點(E-point),此點 ETCO2會上升≧5mmHg超過12小時,比C-point出現的早95±60小時,因此可以提早脫離ECMO
結論:
    連續性監測ETCO2濃度,可以預測心臟衰竭患者適當脫離ECMO的時機:當ETCO2上升≧5mmHg連續12小時監測數據。


https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ihj/51/2/51_2_116/_pdf

期刊報告 2012-02-王容芝

Cost analysis of ventilator-associated pneumonia in Turkish medical-surgical intensive care units


AuthorHicran Karaoglan et al
Le Infezioni in Medicina 2010, (4)248-255
報告者:王容芝
指導者:鄭瑞駿  組長  
報告日期:1010215


A study was carried out to assess treatment success and the overall costs of patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). In a prospective case control study, data were collected from 25 intensive care unit (ICU) beds. A total of 162 ICU patients who required mechanical ventilation were assessed. Of these, 81 patients were diagnosed with VAP and the other 81 were controls (without VAP). Risk of mortality was analyzed and total cost of care was recorded. Age, sex and underlying disease were similar between the groups. The mean length of stay (LOS) in the ICUs in the VAP cases (15.7±9.1 days) exceeded that of the controls (4.9±4.9 days) (p<0.0001), and the additional LOS attributable to VAP was estimated at 10.8 days. In the VAP group, 25 patients had early-onset VAP, and the other 56 patients had late-onset VAP. Mortality rates were higher in VAP patients (32%) than controls (19.7%) p<0.05). Total costs were USD 8602.7±5045.5 in the VAP group and USD 2621.9±2053.3 in controls. The additional cost for VAP was found to be USD 5980 per patient. These data suggest that morbidity, mortality, ICU length of stay and costs increase with VAP. The additional costs for VAP are especially based on the use of novel and expensive antibiotics, other drugs, and medical material.


期刊報告 2012-02-李淑鈴

The role of non-invasive home mechanical ventilation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease requiring prolonged weaning

Rresp_2054 1273..1280
FRANK HEINEMANN, STEPHAN BUDWEISER, RUDOLF A. JÖRRES, MICHAEL ARZT,
FLORIAN RÖSCH, FLORIAN KOLLERT AND MICHAEL PFEIFER


ABSTRACT
Background and objective: Patients with COPD who require prolonged weaning from invasive mechanical
ventilation show poor long-term survival. Whether non-invasive home mechanical ventilation (HMV) has
a beneficial effect after prolonged weaning has not yet been clearly determined. Methods: Patients with COPD who required prolonged weaning and were admitted to a specialized weaning centre between January 2002 and February 2008 were enrolled in the study. Long-term survival and prognostic factors, including the role of noninvasive HMV, were evaluated.

Results: Of 117 patients (87 men, 30 women; mean age 69.5 9.5 years) included in the study, weaning from invasive ventilation was achieved in 82 patients (70.1%). Successful weaning was associated with better survival 1 year after discharge from hospital (hazard ratio (HR) 2.24, 95% CI: 1.16–4.31; P = 0.016). Among the 82 patients who were successfully weaned, noninvasive HMV was initiated in 39 (47.6%) due to persistent chronic ventilatory failure. Initiation of HMV was associated with a higher rate of survival to 1 year as compared with patients who did not receive ventilatory support (84.2% vs 54.3%; HR 3.68, 95% CI: 1.43–9.43; P = 0.007). In addition, younger age and higher PaO2, haemoglobin concentration and haematocrit at discharge were associated with better survival. In an adjusted multivariate analysis, initiation of noninvasive HMV after successful weaning remained an independent prognostic factor for survival to 1 year (HR 3.63, 95% CI: 1.23–10.75; P = 0.019).


Conclusions: These findings suggest that based on the potential for improvement in long-term survival, non-invasive HMV should be considered in patients with severe COPD and persistent chronic hypercapnic
respiratory failure after prolonged weaning.

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1440-1843.2011.02054.x/pdf

期刊報告 2012-03-劉玲朱

A Randomized Prospective Trial of Airway Pressure Release Ventilation and Low Tidal Volume Ventilation in Adult Trauma Patients With Acute Respiratory Failure

創傷成人患者合併急性呼吸衰竭使用APRVLOVT的隨機試驗
Maxwell R. A., Green J. M., Waldrop J., Dart B. W., Smith P. W., Brooks D., Lewis P. L., Barker D. E.

The Journal of TRAUMA ® Injury, Infection, and Critical Care, 2010, 69(3),501-511

報告者:劉玲朱
指導者:鄭瑞駿
報告日期:101314

研究背景
APRV是一種機械通氣的模式,証明對創傷患者可能有好處。因此,尋求此模式時的肺生理數據和安全結果與ARDS NETWORK的建議做一比較。

研究方法
入院創傷需使用機械通氣患者於72小時豁免知情同意情況下,隨機分派APRVLOVT呼吸照護計畫。資料收集包括人口學資料、創傷嚴重度評分(ISS)、氧合、通氣、氣道壓力、使用模式失敗百分比、氣切百分比、VAP發生人次數、呼吸器的天數、住院天數(LOS)、氣胸和死亡率。 

研究結果
21個月期間共收63例患者,於2006的二月結束收案。31位病人被分配至APRV32位病人被分配到LOVT。兩組的人口學變數無差異,為良好分配。平均APACHE(急性生理和慢性健康評分指數)APRVLOVT高(20.5±5.35 vs 16.9±7.17),P=0.027。結果變數兩組無顯著差異,如呼吸器使用天數(10.49天±7.23vs 8.00天±4.01天),ICU 住院天數(16.47天±12.83vs 14.18天 ±13.26天),氣胸發生率(0 vs 3.1%),VAP發生率/每名患者(1.00± 0.86 vs 0.56± 0.67),氣切百分比61.3 vs 65.6%),使用模式失敗百分比12.9 vs 15.6%),死亡率(6.45 vs 6.25%)。

結論
持續且嚴重創傷患者使用機械通氣大於 72小時,APRV組和LOVT組一樣安全。 APRV組於呼吸器使用天數、ICU 住院天數、和VAP發生率有增加的趨勢,此情況可從一開始其APACHE II分數較高來解釋

期刊報告 2012-01-簡淑萍

Weaning Automation with Adaptive Support VentilationA Randomized Controlled Trial in Cardiothoracic Surgery Patients
ASV自動脫離方式:一個心胸手術病人的隨機試驗

Dave A Dongelmans ; Denise P Veelo; Frederique Paulus; Bas A J M de Mol; Johanna CKorevaar; Anna Kudoga; Pauline Middelhoek; Jan M Binnekade; Marcus J Schultz

Anesth Analg 2009;108:565–71

報告者:簡淑萍 
指導者:鄭瑞駿
報告日期:1010111

研究背景:
ASV是一種微處理器控制的通氣模式可在控制通氣和自動輔助通氣之間切換模式,並根據所測得病人的肺部力學選擇呼吸器設定

研究方法:
本研究為一個隨機控制試驗CABG病人以non–fast-track 手術流程使ASV or pressure-controlled/pressure support的通氣法進行比較使用呼吸器到拔管的時間、控制通氣與輔助通氣的使用時間比和通氣特性

研究結果:
連續128個患者被隨機分派ASV組和控制組的病人分別於16.4 hr(中位數)(四分位範圍為12.5-20.8 hr)16.3 hr(13.7-19.3 hr) (P= 0.97)ASV輔助通氣的中位數百分比時間為43%(28%-67%),控制組52%(33%-75%)(P < 0.05)然而ASV從控制通氣切換到輔助通氣的頻率(43.0[14.0-74.0])較控制組(4.0[2.0-9.0])(P< 0.001)ASV在控制通氣時的平均潮氣容積顯著大於控制組(8.6±0.8 ml/kg vs 7.1±1.4 ml/kg, 預測體重)( P = 0.05),但在輔助通氣時二組的潮氣容積則無差別

結論:
non–fast-track 手術流程的CABG病人使ASV自動脫離方式是簡易且安全的ASV組的拔管時間相等於標準脫離方式的拔管時間且此模式允許病人可隨時從控制通氣模式切換到輔助通氣模式

期刊報告 2011-12-徐銀霞

Respir Care. 2011 Mar;56(3):265-70. Epub 2011 Jan 21.

A preliminary randomized controlled trial to assess effectiveness of nasal high-flow oxygen in intensive care patients.

Source

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

In a cardiothoracic and vascular intensive care unit, to compare nasal high-flow (NHF) oxygen therapy and standard high-flow face mask (HFFM) oxygen therapy in patients with mild to moderate hypoxemic respiratory failure.

METHODS:

In a prospective randomized comparative study, 60 patients with mild to moderate hypoxemic respiratory failure were randomized to receive NHF or HFFM. We analyzed the success of allocated therapy, noninvasive ventilation rate, and oxygenation.

RESULTS:

Significantly more NHF patients succeeded with their allocated therapy (P = .006). The rate of noninvasive ventilation in the NHF group was 3/29 (10%), compared with 8/27 (30%) in the HFFM group (P = .10). The NHF patients also had significantly fewer desaturations (P = .009).

CONCLUSIONS:

NHF oxygen therapy may be more effective than HFFM in treating mild to moderate hypoxemic respiratory failure.

傾城之戀-片尾曲《美麗》

傾城之戀-片尾曲《美麗》 曹芙嘉

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4mR1jHqaZks

在那青青的春草葉上
輕盈的露珠在搖晃
是誰的目光悄悄開放
是誰的愛獨自嘹望
看不見的事皆在天上
看的見的事皆就在身旁
那車水馬龍的人世間
那樣地來 那樣地去
太匆忙
美麗呀~倒影在心房
美麗呀~淚珠掛腮上
美麗呀~花兒吐芬芳
美麗呀~你讓我慌張
人生多麼好 心在歌唱 歌唱
看不見的事皆在天上
看的見的事皆就在身旁
那車水馬龍的人世間
那樣地來 那樣地去
太匆忙
美麗呀~倒影在心房
美麗呀~淚珠掛腮上
美麗呀~花兒吐芬芳
美麗呀~你讓我慌張
人生多麼好 心在歌唱
美麗呀~倒影在心房
美麗呀~淚珠掛腮上
美麗呀~花兒吐芬芳
美麗呀~你讓我慌張
人生多麼好 心在歌唱